Subframe

Most cars have a front subframe and many have a rear one too. It is often mounted on rubber bushings to reduce noise and vibration. It makes assembly easier and allows parts to be removed as a unit. Some subframes are bolted rigidly to the body to improve steering precision. When a subframe is lowered for repairs, it must be refitted in the correct position, often using alignment pins, or wheel alignment can change.

Suspension arms and the steering rack attach to the subframe, which transfers loads into the body.

Corroded or cracked subframes can fail roadworthiness tests. Worn subframe bushings cause clunks and vague handling.