Sources

We list our sources here instead of under every page. Each technical value on PitClue comes from one of the sources below; where no source exists, we do not publish the value.

Technical data sources

• NHTSA vPICVehicle makes and models, and the VIN decoder (US vehicle product information catalogue).
• FuelEconomy.gov (U.S. EPA · DOE)Engines, transmissions, drive, size class, official fuel economy (combined, city, highway), electric range, energy use, forced induction, start-stop and EPA luggage and passenger volumes on model pages (U.S. model years 2000–2027). U.S. government data, public domain.
• EEA CO2 monitoring (new cars)Makes and models registered new in the EU, the years they were registered, and the EU type-approval data on model pages: powertrain, engine size, power, mass, wheelbase, CO₂ and electric range (2010–2025, 2025 provisional). Licence CC BY 4.0, © European Environment Agency.
• RDW open vehicle register (NL)Makes and models in the Dutch vehicle register; a European model is listed only when at least two registers agree.
• DfT vehicle licensing statistics (UK)Makes and models in UK licensing statistics, used the same way as the RDW register.
• MeterApp vehicle-db (open data snapshot)An open snapshot that stores the NHTSA, EEA, RDW and DfT lists verbatim; we use it to read those registers.
• Wikipedia (English)Generation details on model pages: production years, body styles, layout, platform, engines, electric motors, transmissions, battery, electric range, dimensions, kerb weight, assembly plants and designers, read from the infoboxes of the English Wikipedia articles. Text licence CC BY-SA 4.0.
• NHTSA RecallsSafety recalls, checked every week by our recall bot.
• SAE J2012Generic OBD-II fault code definitions and titles.
• SAE J1930Technical terms and abbreviations used in the glossary.
• ISO 2575Dashboard warning light symbols and the warning light finder.
• ETRTO · ISO 4000-1Tyre size designation used by the tyre size calculator.
• ISO 3779VIN structure used by the VIN decoder.
• NIST SP 811Unit definitions and conversion factors used by the unit converter.
• Wikimedia CommonsCar photos, used only under free licences (CC BY, CC BY-SA, CC0 or public domain).

Editorial references

Symptom pages, maintenance guides and glossary entries are written by the PitClue editorial team from owner’s manuals, maintenance documentation and makers’ technical information. How we write and check them is explained in our methodology.

Car photos are credited below, not under each photo.